The oil was heated in an iron pan using a gas stove that was adjusted to maintain the oil temperature at 210 ± 10 °C. The MUFA content in coconut oil is represented by oleic acid (6.94%) and the PUFA content represented by linoleic acid (1.60%). Coconut oil flour, a cheap byproduct of coconut oil production, is a rich source of phenolic antioxidants. In the dry process of extracting coconut oil, the dried coconut grain (copra) is pressed to expel the coconut oil, and the remaining residue is known as coconut oil flour.
Among animals fed cholesterol, those fed heated coconut oil showed a significant decrease in HDL cholesterol concentration compared to animals fed fresh coconut oil. The administration of heated coconut oil compared to fresh coconut oil significantly decreased the concentration of reduced glutathione in animals fed cholesterol. In view of these observations, the study was designed to investigate the effects of administering a high-fat diet with and without cholesterol and to compare the effects of fresh and heated coconut oil repeatedly in rats. Among the groups fed cholesterol, those fed with heated coconut oil showed a higher concentration of peroxidation products than those fed fresh coconut oil.
Since coconut oil flour is a cheap by-product of the coconut oil industry, nutritional supplements or food preparations based on coconut oil flour can be designed, which could provide a nutraceutical effect against these diseases. The fatty acid composition showed that saturation increased and unsaturation decreased as coconut oil was repeatedly heated to an elevated temperature. In the present study, the protective effect of the phenolic coconut oil flour extract (CMPE) against macromolecular oxidative damage was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models. Use of rapeseed oil with a high oleic acid content to fry high-fat French fries compared to other commonly used edible oils.
Gas chromatography analysis of coconut oil (table) revealed significant alterations in fatty acid composition. A gas chromatographic analysis was performed to illustrate the changes in the fatty acid composition of coconut oil. Among animals fed with cholesterol, the activities of toxicity-marking enzymes were significantly higher in animals fed with heated coconut oil compared to those fed with fresh oil.
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